Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) refers to irregular, excessive, or prolonged menstrual bleeding that differs from a woman’s normal cycle. It may include heavy periods, bleeding between cycles, prolonged menstruation, or bleeding after menopause. AUB can affect women at any age and may result from hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, infections, thyroid disorders, bleeding disorders, or, rarely, malignancy. Early evaluation is essential to identify the cause and prevent complications such as anemia and fertility issues.